PCOD

Differences

Unlike PCOD, which is a metabolic issue, PCOS is an endocrine condition. The hormonal imbalance of the female reproductive organs is thought to be the primary cause of both conditions. Hormone fluctuations are mostly influenced by genetics. Increased testosterone levels are also connected to glucose intolerance and inflammation. Increased levels of male hormones like testosterone will stop ovulation in the ovaries, reducing female fertility.

Over 10% of women worldwide have PCOD, making it the most prevalent condition. PCOS, on the other hand, affects 5% of women and is less common.

Since PCOD can be healed with the right diet and lifestyle modifications, many individuals do not view it as a disorder. However, because PCOS is a dangerous condition that cannot be treated, it must be treated as soon as it manifests.

Both PCOS and PCOD might affect a woman's ability to get pregnant.

Symptoms

Hair growth on the face or body, hair loss, darker skin around creases, irregular periods, increased bleeding, excessive weight gain and acne on the face or body are the main symptoms of PCOD disorders.

Male pattern baldness, dark spots around wrinkles, migraines, unwelcome hair growth like a moustache, acne, skin tags, pelvic pain, obesity, and infertility are just a few of the symptoms of PCOS.

Causes

It is unknown what causes PCOS specifically. Factors like the following could be involved:

• Too much insulin: The hormone insulin enables cells to utilise sugar, the body's main source of energy. If your cells grow immune to the effect of insulin, your level of blood sugar may increase and your body may produce more insulin. Extra insulin may boost the production of androgen, making ovulation challenging.
• Too much androgen: Acne and hirsutism are caused by the ovaries' unusually high amounts of androgen production.
• Minimal inflammation: According to research, polycystic ovaries in women with PCOS are stimulated to generate androgens, which can cause issues with the heart and blood vessels.
• Heredity: According to research, several genes may be connected to PCOS.

Medical investigation has not yet determined the precise reason for the PCOD issue. The following are some of the causes of this condition:

• Family medical history: Women who have mothers who have PCOD are more prone to get the disease themselves.

Studies have revealed that women with PCOD typically have trouble using insulin to control blood glucose levels. This may result in an increase in blood sugar levels and prompt the body to create more insulin. In turn, too much insulin may cause the body to produce more male hormones.

The synthesis of male hormones like androgen, which is significantly higher in women with PCOD, can also be stimulated by inflammation in the body.

• Low progesterone: If a woman's body does not produce enough progesterone, she may go long stretches without having her period.

Risks and complications

PCOD frequently goes undiagnosed in many women until it affects fertility by reducing ovulation frequency. Women with PCOD can still become pregnant, but they may need to take specific drugs in order to do so. In addition to infertility, PCOD can result in a number of other health issues, including:

• Type II diabetes
• cancer of the uterus
• High blood pressure and cardiovascular disease
• Depression
• Miscarriage
• sleep problems

PCOS can cause a lot of imbalance in one’s life. Its compilation includes:

• Infertility
• Diabetes type 2 or prediabetes
• gestational diabetes or high blood pressure brought on during pregnancy
• pregnancy loss or an early birth
• abnormal bleeding in the uterus
• Endometrial cancer
• Endometrial cancer
• Excessive blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol are symptoms of metabolic syndrome, which significantly raise your risk of cardiovascular disease.
• Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Severe liver inflammation brought on by the hepatic fat accumulation
• Sleep apnea
• Anxiety, depression, and eating problems